ANEMIA

ANEMIA:

1.Anemia is usually defined as a decrease in amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.

2.It can also be defined as a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.

3. When anemia comes on slowly the symptoms are often vague and may include: feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath or a poor ability to exercise.

4.Anemia that comes on quickly often has greater symptoms which may include: confusion, feeling like one is going to pass out, and an increased desire to drink fluids.

source@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME:

1.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also called hyperandrogenic anovulation (HA) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among females.
2. PCOS has a diverse range of causes that are not entirely understood, but there is strong evidence that it is largely a genetic disease.
3.PCOS produces symptoms in approximately 5% to 10% of women of reproductive age (approximately 12 to 45 years old).
4. It is thought to be one of the leading causes of female subfertility and the most frequent endocrine problem in women of reproductive age.
5. Finding that the ovaries appear polycystic on ultrasound is common, but it is not an absolute requirement in all definitions of the disorder.
6.The most common immediate symptoms are anovulation, excess androgenic hormones, and insulin resistance.
7. Anovulation results in irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, and ovulation-related infertility. Hormone imbalance generally causes acne and hirsutism. Insulin resistance is associated with obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol levels.
8. The symptoms and severity of the syndrome vary greatly among affected women.
courtesy@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_ovary_syndrome

STETHOSOPE

STETHOSCOPE:

1.The stethoscope is an acoustic medical device for listening to the internal sounds of an animal or human body.

2. It is often used to listen to lung and heart sounds.

3. It is also used to listen to intestines and blood flow in arteries and veins.

4. In combination with a sphygmomanometer, it is commonly used for measurements of blood pressure.

 Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stethoscope

ARTHRITIS

ARTHRITIS:

1.Arthritis (from Greek arthro-, joint + -itis, inflammation; plural: arthritides) is a form of joint disorder that involves inflammation of one or more joints.

2.There are over 100 different forms of arthritis.

3.The most common form, osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease), is a result of trauma to the joint, infection of the joint, or age.

4.Other arthritis forms are rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and related autoimmune diseases. Septic arthritis is caused by joint infection.

5.The major complaint by individuals who have arthritis is joint pain. Pain is often a constant and may be localized to the joint affected.

6.The pain from arthritis is due to inflammation that occurs around the joint, damage to the joint from disease, daily wear and tear of joint, muscle strains caused by forceful movements against stiff painful joints and fatigue.

courtesy@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritis

ECG

What is ECG?

1.Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG from Greek: kardia, meaning heart) is a transthoracic (across the thorax or chest) interpretation of the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time, as detected by electrodes attached to the surface of the skin and recorded by a device external to the body. The recording produced by this noninvasive procedure is termed an electrocardiogram (also ECG or EKG).

2.An ECG is used to measure the heart’s electrical conduction system. It picks up electrical impulses generated by the polarization and depolarization of cardiac tissue and translates into a waveform.

3.The waveform is then used to measure the rate and regularity of heartbeats, as well as the size and position of the chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart, and the effects of drugs or devices used to regulate the heart, such as a pacemaker.

courtesy@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography

CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY

What is Coronary Bypass Surgery?

1.Coronary bypass surgery is a procedure that restores blood flow to your heart muscle by diverting the flow of blood around a section of a blocked artery in your heart.

2.Coronary bypass surgery uses a healthy blood vessel taken from your leg, arm, chest or abdomen and connects it to the other arteries in your heart so that blood is bypassed around the diseased or blocked area.

3.After a coronary bypass surgery, blood flow to your heart is improved. Coronary bypass surgery is just one option to treat heart disease.

4.Coronary bypass surgery improves symptoms, such as chest pain and shortness of breath due to poor blood flow to the heart.

5.In some situations, coronary bypass surgery may improve your heart function and reduce your risk of dying of heart disease.

courtesy@http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/coronary-bypass-surgery/basics/definition/prc-20023680

DIABETES

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes:

• Sugar or glucose in our diet, provides energy to the body
• Diabetes occurs when the sugar concentration in the blood increases

Causes:

 Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. It facilitates the movement of glucose from the blood to
 the liver, muscles and fat cells.

The causes for diabetes are:

• Type 1 Diabetes: Body is incapable of producing insulin
• Type 2 Diabetes: Body becomes resistant to insulin
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy can also result in temporary diabetes

courtesy@http://www.homeveda.com/diabetes/natural-ayurvedic-home-remedies-for-diabetes.html